VCF stands for Voltage, Current and Frequency, the three electrical parameters eMedica combines into each therapy protocol. Voltage is the driving potential, current is the flow of charge through tissue, and frequency is how often the pulses repeat.

Scientific visualisation of a cell membrane with ion channels — Scientific visualisation · a cell membrane at rest, about −70 mV

Bioelectronic adjuvant therapy · Pune, India

The third dimension of human health.

Q: Is eMedica a regulated medical device?

Yes. eMedica is manufactured under a Class A medical device manufacturing licence issued by the Food and Drug Administration, Maharashtra State, under India's Medical Devices Rules, 2017 (Form MD-5, No. MFG/MD/2023/000926, dated 20 October 2023). It was tested to IEC 60601-1 at an NABL-accredited laboratory, with a measured patient leakage current of 1.3 µA against an allowable 10 µA.

Q: What patents protect the eMedica platform?

The platform is protected by United States Patent 12,226,183 B2, granted in February 2025, with corresponding patents granted in Japan, South Korea, Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the Philippines and Malaysia (nine countries in total). An application in New Zealand has been accepted, and applications in Europe, India, Singapore and the UAE are pending.

Q: Where can clinicians find eMedica clinical data and publications?

Clinical programme data, the publication record and the device technical file are compiled in The eMedica Record, available to clinicians, hospitals, regulators and partners on request from info@emedica.in.

Every cell in the body holds an electrical charge. eMedica is a non-invasive bioelectronic device that delivers programmed voltage, current and frequency protocols, used under medical supervision alongside prescribed treatment.

Explore the science For clinicians

LicenceMFG/MD/2023/000926Maharashtra FDA · Form MD-5 · Medical Devices Rules, 2017 · Class A

Electrical safety1.3 µAPatient leakage under IEC 60601-1 · allowable 10 µA

PatentUS 12,226,183 B2Granted Feb 2025 · patented in 9 countries

Supervised use37 sites · 4,651Patients in programme records across India

The eMedica framework

Physical. Chemical. Electrical.

Medicine has long measured the body's structure and its chemistry. eMedica is built on the third: the electrical signalling of cells and tissues, a well-established area of physiology.

A neuron's action potential, drawn to scale: resting near −70 mV, peaking near +30 mV within a millisecond.

01Physical health

Structure and function

Anatomy, mobility and the mechanical work of organs, assessed through examination and imaging.

02Chemical health

Molecules and metabolism

Blood chemistry, hormones and the medicines that act on them, assessed through laboratory tests.

03Electrical health

Charge and signalling

Membrane potential, ion flow and electrical signalling between cells: the physiology eMedica is built on.

Technology

Voltage. Current. Frequency.

Every eMedica protocol is defined by three electrical parameters, programmed together and selected by a clinician.

Voltage: The driving potential.
Current: The flow of charge through tissue.
Frequency: How often the pulses repeat.

How the platform works

Three glass precision dials aligning on a porcelain surface — VCF · three parameters, one protocol

Intended use

Designed to work alongside medical care.

eMedica is an adjuvant device. It is used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, together with the patient's prescribed treatment.

Non-invasive, through skin-contact electrodes
Supervised by a qualified healthcare professional
Used with prescribed medicines, never in place of them
Not for people with a pacemaker or other implanted electronic device

Safety and intended use

A clinician reviewing notes in a calm consultation room — Clinical setting · dramatisation

The eMedica record

Licensed. Tested. Protected.

Each item can be supported by the original document on request.

Clinical evidence Regulatory record

Licensing authority: Food and Drug Administration, Maharashtra State
Manufacturing licence: MFG/MD/2023/000926 · Form MD-5 · 20 Oct 2023 · Class A
Electrical safety: IEC 60601-1 · 1.3 µA patient leakage (allowable 10 µA)
Test laboratory: Hi Physix Laboratories, NABL-accredited (TC-5100)
Patents: Granted in 9 countries: US 12,226,183 B2 · Japan · South Korea · Australia · Canada · Saudi Arabia · South Africa · Philippines · Malaysia · New Zealand (accepted)
Supervised programme: 37 sites in India · 4,651 patients in programme records

An eighteenth-century laboratory bench with brass instruments — From Galvani's laboratory, 1791, to modern electrophysiology

Film

The Electrical Body

Two centuries of discovery, from Galvani's experiments to bioelectronic medicine, in three minutes.

Watch on YouTube · 3:08

For each reader

Where to go next

Clinicians

The physician protocol

Intended use, contraindications and the Instructions for Use.

Hospitals

Supervised programmes

Procurement documentation and research collaboration.

Partners

Distribution and licensing

International distribution, patent licensing and OEM development.

Questions

Frequently asked

What is eMedica?

eMedica is a non-invasive bioelectronic medical device made by Rohera Healthcare and Technology in Pune, India. It delivers programmed electrical protocols through skin-contact electrodes and is designed as adjuvant therapy: used under medical supervision alongside prescribed treatment, never in place of it.

What does VCF mean?

VCF stands for Voltage, Current and Frequency, the three electrical parameters eMedica combines into each therapy protocol. Read the full explanation.

Does eMedica replace medicine?

No. eMedica is designed to be used alongside prescribed medicines and specialist care under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.

Is eMedica a regulated medical device?

Yes. It is manufactured under a Class A licence issued by the Food and Drug Administration, Maharashtra State, under India's Medical Devices Rules, 2017 (Form MD-5, No. MFG/MD/2023/000926, 20 October 2023), and was tested to IEC 60601-1 at an NABL-accredited laboratory: patient leakage 1.3 µA against an allowable 10 µA.

Who should not use eMedica?

People with a pacemaker or another implanted electronic device. The full contraindications are in the Instructions for Use. Safety and intended use.

What patents protect the platform?

United States Patent 12,226,183 B2, granted February 2025, with corresponding grants in Japan, South Korea, Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the Philippines and Malaysia (nine countries in total). An application in New Zealand has been accepted, and applications in Europe, India, Singapore and the UAE are pending. Patent portfolio.

Where are clinical data and publications?

They are compiled in The eMedica Record, available to clinicians, hospitals, regulators and partners on request from info@emedica.in.

About eMedica

An engineering company building bioelectronic medicine.

eMedica is designed, engineered and manufactured by Rohera Healthcare and Technology Private Limited, founded in Pune in 2020 by inventor and electronics engineer Hemant K. Rohera.

Company

Legal name: Rohera Healthcare and Technology Private Limited
Corporate identity number: U33309PN2020PTC194671
Brand: eMedica
Headquarters: Sacred World 604, 6th Floor, South Block, Parmar Nagar, Wanwadi, Pune 411040, Maharashtra, India

Medical and scientific leadership

Hemant K. Rohera

Founder and CEO

Electronics engineer with more than 29 years of research and development. Inventor of the eMedica platform, US 12,226,183 B2.

Dr. Ramesh Chouhan

Oncology Advisor

MBBS, PhD, DSc.

Dr. Deepak Nagpal

Medical Research and Education

BDS, MDS, PhD.

Dr. M. N. Kumbhare

Clinical Advisor

MS (Ophthalmology).

Technology

One platform, programmed in three electrical dimensions.

The eMedica platform generates controlled electrical protocols and delivers them through skin-contact electrodes. Each protocol is defined by its voltage, current and frequency, and is selected by a clinician.

How a session works

AssessA clinician screens the patient against the intended use and contraindications.
SelectA programmed VCF protocol is chosen for the patient's care plan.
ConnectElectrodes make non-invasive skin contact; no needles or implants.
DeliverThe device delivers the protocol within its licensed output specification.
RecordSession details and the patient's response are documented in the care record.

Platform modalities

The eMedica patent family describes a multi-modal platform. The functions available on each licensed device are listed on the Devices page and in its Instructions for Use.

VCF protocols

Programmed combinations of voltage, current and frequency. The core of every eMedica device.

TENS and interferential current

Established electrotherapy waveforms, available as modes on the portable device.

Thermal pad

Controlled warming delivered through a pad accessory.

Light (LED) module

An integrated LED module on the hand-held clinical device.

Sound and music

Music and sound programmes described in the patent family as part of the session environment.

Monitoring and data

Remote monitoring, records integration and alerting, described in the patent claims and carried into the wearable programme.

Engineered for safety

Electrical safety is the first engineering requirement of any device that passes current through the body. eMedica was tested against IEC 60601-1, the international standard for the basic safety and essential performance of medical electrical equipment, and recorded a patient leakage current of 1.3 µA, well inside the 10 µA allowed. See the test record.

VCF scientific explanation

The body is electrical.

About 37 trillion cells each hold a voltage across their membrane. Nerves, heart muscle and hormone-secreting cells all work by moving that charge. VCF describes the three parameters used to work with it.

Scientific visualisation of a nerve impulse travelling along an axon — Scientific visualisation · a nerve impulse

Voltage, current, frequency

V · Voltage

The driving potential

A difference in electrical potential. A resting neuron holds about −70 mV between its inside and outside; across a 7 nm membrane that is a field of about 10 million volts per metre.

C · Current

The flow of charge

In tissue, current is carried by ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride. Ion pumps and channels control it at every cell membrane.

F · Frequency

The rhythm of pulses

How often a signal repeats. Different tissues respond to different pulse durations and rates, which is why protocols are programmed rather than fixed.

eMedica protocols combine these three parameters within the device's licensed output specification. Output values for each protocol are provided to clinicians in the Instructions for Use.

Two centuries of discovery

Year	Discovery
1791	Luigi Galvani shows that electricity makes frog muscle contract.
1800	Alessandro Volta builds the first battery.
1848	Emil du Bois-Reymond records the nerve impulse as an electrical event.
1902	Julius Bernstein proposes the membrane theory of resting potential.
1952	Hodgkin and Huxley describe the action potential quantitatively (Nobel Prize 1963).
1991	Neher and Sakmann are awarded the Nobel Prize for recording single ion channels.
1997	Jens Skou shares the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering the sodium-potassium pump.
2003	Roderick MacKinnon shares the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the structure of ion channels.
2021	Ardem Patapoutian shares the Nobel Prize for discovering Piezo mechanosensitive channels.

Reference values

Standard physiological values from textbooks and the cited literature. They describe the body, not device output.

Resting membrane potential

Cell type	Typical value
Neuron	−70 to −80 mV
Cardiac muscle cell	−85 to −90 mV
Skeletal muscle cell	about −90 mV
Red blood cell	−10 to −12 mV

Neural oscillation bands

Band	Frequency
Delta	0.5–4 Hz
Theta	4–8 Hz
Alpha	8–13 Hz
Beta	13–30 Hz
Gamma	30–100 Hz
High-frequency oscillations	100–600 Hz

Bio-signal amplitudes

Signal	Amplitude
ECG (heart)	0.5–4 mV
EMG (muscle)	0.1–10 mV
EEG (brain, scalp)	10–100 µV

Chronaxie

Tissue	Chronaxie
Nerve	0.05–0.1 ms
Skeletal muscle	0.3–1 ms
Cardiac muscle	1–3 ms

The body's own wound current

Intact skin works like a battery. When it is cut, current flows out of the wound edge and sets up an electric field that guides repair cells inward. Measured values from the original studies:

Guinea-pig skin: 30–100 mV across glabrous epidermis, with lateral wound fields of about 100–200 mV/mm (Barker, Jaffe and Vanable, 1982).
Mouse skin wounds: 177 ± 14 mV/mm immediately after wounding, staying in the 150–200 mV/mm range for about three days (Nuccitelli et al., 2008).
Human skin: battery voltages comparable to those in other mammals, measured in 17 volunteers (Foulds and Barker, 1983).

See the full research summary.

VCF questions

Is VCF the same as TENS?

No. TENS is one established waveform family used mainly for pain. VCF is eMedica's term for a protocol defined by all three parameters together; the portable device also offers TENS and interferential modes.

Does the device change a cell's membrane potential?

Membrane potential is a well-established property of every cell, and applied fields are known to act on cells in laboratory studies. How a given eMedica protocol affects specific tissues in patients is the subject of eMedica's continuing clinical research; the device is used as adjuvant therapy under supervision.

Is the current felt?

Sensation depends on the protocol and the person. Clinicians set and adjust the protocol according to the Instructions for Use.

The eMedica family

Choose your adjuvant therapy device.

Two clinical devices in use today, the wearable band, and eleven form factors on one patented platform.

Clinical adjuvant therapy device

eMedica Portable Device

Dual palm electrode system
VCF programmed protocols
TENS & IFT modes
Thermal pad (hyperthermia)
LCD display

Manufactured under Maharashtra FDA licence Form MD-5 · MFG/MD/2023/000926 · Class A.

Request a quote Subscription

eMedica Portable Device — Compact VCF adjuvant therapy device

Hospital & clinical use

eMedica Hand-Held Device

4-channel electrode system
Alphanumeric keypad
Custom VCF protocol programming
LLLT LED integration
Used in 37 institutions

Manufactured under Maharashtra FDA licence Form MD-5 · MFG/MD/2023/000926 · Class A.

Learn more

eMedica Handheld Device — Personal VCF adjuvant therapy device

Launching soon

eMedica Wearable Band

Wear it. Monitor it. Heal with it.

Monitors

Heart rate & ECG
Blood glucose (PPG)
SpO₂ & oxygen
Blood pressure
HRV & stress
Sleep & activity
Skin temperature
Real-time remote alert

Supports

Continuous electron infusion
LLLT micro-LEDs
Resonant frequency delivery
AI adaptive protocol engine
iOS & Android app
Blockchain health records
Hospital EHR integration
2G–5G GSM / NB-IoT · 256-bit encryption · 24/7

Under development; not yet approved for commercial sale.

Register interest Watch the film

eMedica Wearable Device — Non-invasive VCF adjuvant therapy wristband

Upcoming

Eleven form factors. One patent.

From a 28-gram wrist module to a full hospital bed, every product shares the same VCF therapy and monitoring core.

See all upcoming products

Upcoming eMedica products

From Wearable to Hospital Bed.

A patent-grade adjuvant therapy and remote-monitoring platform, engineered around US Patent 12,226,183 B2. The same Voltage-Current-Frequency (VCF) therapy and multi-modal monitoring core scales from a 28-gram wrist module to a full hospital bed: eleven form factors, one firmware family, one patent.

The platform

One platform. One patent. Many form factors.

Voltage-Current-Frequency (VCF) therapy paired with multi-modal monitoring.

Every product on this page is the same scientific core, packaged into a different chassis.

Phased release

Product 01

eMedica Wrist

Continuous adjuvant therapy and full-vitals monitoring on a 28-gram wrist module.

For individuals · outpatients · chronic care

Therapy

VCF micro-pulses
Targeted PEMF
Skin-warming thermal cells
Acupressure-point TENS

Monitoring

ECG · PPG · HR · HRV
SpO₂ · respiration
Skin temp · stress
Sleep stages · activity

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports cardiovascular and metabolic resilience between clinical visits. Modulates cellular membrane potential during rest, helps stabilise sleep and stress patterns, and complements physician-prescribed medication with a continuous, doctor-visible record of vitals.

Use cases

Hypertension follow-up · diabetes self-management · post-surgical recovery · executive wellness · cardiac rehab

eMedica Wrist — wearable adjuvant therapy and monitoring band

Product 02

eMedica Bed

A full-body adjuvant platform built into a hospital-grade therapeutic bed.

For hospital wards · post-op · recovery suites

Therapy

Whole-body VCF zones
Red & near-infrared LLLT array
Multi-zone thermal pads
Whole-body PEMF coils

Monitoring

Mattress ECG & BCG
SpO₂ · respiration
Body-region thermography
Continuous BP trend

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports microcirculation, tissue oxygenation and inflammation resolution while the patient rests. Helps shorten low-mobility recovery windows, complements pharmacological pain management, and gives the care team a continuous full-body data record on a single platform.

Use cases

Post-operative recovery · orthopaedic rehab · oncology supportive care · chronic-pain wards · long-stay geriatric units

eMedica Bed — full-body adjuvant healing platform built into a hospital therapeutic bed

Product 03

eMedica Recliner

A 30-minute clinic session, fully instrumented and protocol-driven.

For outpatient clinics · day-care · medi-spas

Therapy

Lumbar & cervical VCF
Targeted LLLT panels
Thermal lumbar & calf pads
Interferential current

Monitoring

Wrist & finger PPG
ECG via seat electrodes
Skin temperature
Stress & HRV

Clinical & wellness benefits

Delivers a structured 20–30 minute adjuvant session with auto-selected programmes per indication. Supports musculoskeletal recovery, helps reduce perceived pain in chronic conditions, and produces a full session report ready for the patient's chart.

Use cases

Chronic pain clinics · physiotherapy day-care · diabetic foot programmes · executive health checks

eMedica Recliner — outpatient clinic adjuvant therapy chair

Product 04

eMedica Home

A doctor-prescribed adjuvant programme that runs quietly at the bedside.

For individuals · chronic care · home care

Therapy

VCF via skin patches
TENS / EMS leads
Thermal patch accessory
Sound stimulation

Monitoring

Patch ECG & HR
SpO₂ via finger clip
Skin temperature
Sleep & recovery

Clinical & wellness benefits

Brings a personalised, physician-supervised adjuvant programme into the home. Helps maintain therapy continuity between clinic visits, supports cardiovascular and metabolic stability, and synchronises with the eMedica cloud so the treating doctor sees every session.

Use cases

Hypertension · type-2 diabetes · post-discharge recovery · long-term wellness routines

eMedica Home — bedside adjuvant therapy console for home care

Product 05

eMedica Neo

Gentle adjuvant support and continuous monitoring for the smallest patients.

For NICU · post-natal · neonatal follow-up

Therapy

Low-dose LLLT panels
Whisper-mode thermal pad
Soft VCF (paediatric envelope)
White-noise audio therapy

Monitoring

Mat ECG & PPG
SpO₂ · respiration
Skin temperature
Movement & sleep

Clinical & wellness benefits

A neonatal platform that supports thermoregulation and microcirculation while continuously monitoring the infant — all within paediatric-safe energy envelopes. Complements standard NICU protocols and gives the clinical team an integrated, single-screen picture of the baby's recovery.

Use cases

Pre-term recovery · post-surgical neonates · post-discharge step-down units · paediatric cardiology

eMedica Neo — neonatal adjuvant support and continuous monitoring bassinet

Product 06

eMedica Scalp Cap

A wearable cap that brings clinic-grade scalp adjuvant therapy into a 20-minute home session.

For hair & scalp wellness · dermatology adjunct · home use

Therapy

Red & near-infrared LLLT array
Micro-pulse VCF stimulation
Gentle scalp warming pads
Acupressure-zone microcurrent

Monitoring

Scalp surface temperature
Session adherence log
Skin-impedance trend
Programme-cycle tracking

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports scalp microcirculation, helps modulate the bioelectrical environment around the hair follicle, and complements dermatologist-prescribed regimens.

Designed as an adjuvant programme that runs alongside medical care — not as a replacement for diagnosis or prescription therapy.

Use cases

Hair-thinning support · post-procedure dermatology recovery · scalp wellness routines · chronic-care follow-up

eMedica Scalp Cap — wearable adjuvant therapy for scalp microcirculation and hair follicle health

Product 07

eMedica Facial Mask

A medical-grade LED and bioelectrical adjuvant mask — calm, even, and protocol-driven.

For dermatology adjunct · medi-spa · home wellness

Therapy

Multi-wavelength LED (red, near-IR, amber)
Low-level VCF micro-pulses
Gentle dermal warming
Programmed microcurrent contour

Monitoring

Surface skin temperature
Session contact integrity
Treatment-cycle log
Programme adherence

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports dermal microcirculation, helps modulate skin-barrier recovery and post-procedure soothing, and complements dermatologist-led care.

Built for repeatable, measurable adjuvant sessions — not for diagnosing or replacing prescription dermatology.

Use cases

Post-procedure recovery support · sensitive-skin routines · wellness skin programmes · medi-spa add-on

eMedica Facial Mask — LED and bioelectrical adjuvant therapy for skin microcirculation and barrier recovery

Product 08

eMedica Knee

A wraparound adjuvant unit that turns a knee brace into a clinic-grade therapy session.

For orthopaedics · physiotherapy · chronic-pain support

Therapy

Patella-zoned VCF
TENS & interferential current
Targeted PEMF coils
Multi-zone warming pads

Monitoring

Skin temperature
Knee-flex range-of-motion
Session adherence
Pain-rating diary log

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports joint microcirculation, helps modulate musculoskeletal pain pathways, and complements physician-prescribed care for osteoarthritis, post-injury rehab and post-operative recovery — with an objective adherence and range-of-motion record.

Use cases

Knee osteoarthritis adjunct · post-arthroscopy recovery · ligament-injury rehab · chronic knee-pain support

eMedica Knee — wraparound adjuvant therapy unit for osteoarthritis, post-injury and post-operative knee care

Product 09

eMedica Abdominal

An adjuvant abdominal session for digestive comfort, menstrual relief and core recovery.

For wellness · women's health · post-natal and post-op core recovery

Therapy

Multi-zone VCF micro-pulses
EMS for core musculature
Targeted PEMF coils
Programmable warming pads

Monitoring

Skin temperature
HR & HRV (paired wrist)
Session log & intensity
Programme-cycle tracking

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports abdominal microcirculation, helps modulate cramp-related discomfort, and complements physician-led management of digestive, menstrual and post-natal recovery routines — as an adjuvant programme used under qualified guidance.

Use cases

Menstrual-cramp relief support · functional digestive comfort · post-natal core recovery · post-laparoscopy adjunct

eMedica Abdominal — adjuvant abdominal massager for digestive comfort, menstrual relief and core recovery

Product 10

eMedica Adipose Belt

A wide-zone adjuvant belt that supports metabolic activity alongside diet, exercise and medical care.

For metabolic wellness · weight-management adjunct · post-bariatric follow-up

Therapy

Wide-zone VCF activation
EMS for abdominal & flank muscles
Microcurrent contour pads
Infrared & thermal heating

Monitoring

Skin temperature
Session intensity & adherence
Waist-circumference log entry
Programme-cycle tracking

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports local microcirculation and helps stimulate core musculature alongside diet and physical activity. Designed as a metabolic-support adjuvant — it complements, and never replaces, nutrition, exercise or physician-led obesity management.

Outcomes vary and depend on lifestyle and medical context.

Use cases

Lifestyle weight-management adjunct · sedentary-day core activation · post-bariatric maintenance follow-up · medi-spa contouring

eMedica Adipose Belt — wide-zone VCF, EMS, microcurrent and thermal adjuvant therapy belt for adipose-tissue management

Product 11

eMedica Eye-Care Mask

An eye-zone adjuvant session for tired, dry and digitally-strained eyes — calm, even and protocol-driven.

For ophthalmology adjunct · dry-eye care · wellness & screen-strain recovery

Therapy

Red & near-infrared LED zones
Gentle peri-orbital warming pads
Low-level micro-pulse VCF
Acupressure-zone microcurrent

Monitoring

Peri-orbital skin temperature
Session adherence & intensity
Mask-contact integrity
Programme-cycle tracking

Clinical & wellness benefits

Supports microcirculation around the eye area, helps modulate dryness and digital-strain discomfort, and complements ophthalmologist-prescribed care for meibomian-gland and dry-eye routines.

Designed strictly as an adjuvant programme — it does not diagnose or replace prescription eye care, and any session must be used under qualified medical guidance.

Use cases

Dry-eye supportive care · digital screen-strain recovery · post-procedure ophthalmology adjunct · daily wellness routines

eMedica Eye-Care Mask — LED, thermal and bioelectrical adjuvant therapy mask for eye-area microcirculation

Why both must live on one platform

Therapy and monitoring, together.

Closed-loop dosing

VCF, PEMF, LLLT and thermal output adapt in real time to live ECG, SpO₂ and skin-temperature trends.

Pre / post evidence

Every session captures objective baselines and recovery deltas — a printable record for chart and audit.

Continuity of care

Wearable, home and hospital share one record. The doctor sees every session, every modality, every vital.

Phased release

From wearable to ward.

Phase	Timing	Form factors	Note
01	Now	Wearable Wrist · Home Console · Therapy Recliner	Shipping today from existing manufacturing partners.
02	Next 12 months	Healing Bed · Therapy Recliner · Home Console	Hospital and ICU form factors enter pilot programmes — same firmware, same dashboards, broader footprint.
03	18–24 months	Neonatal Bassinet · Eye-Care Mask · Cloud care platform v2

All eMedica products are intended to support prescribed medication, not replace it. They do not diagnose, cure, treat or prevent any disease on their own, and do not replace prescribed medicines, surgery, emergency treatment, diet, exercise or specialist care. Results vary and should be evaluated under qualified medical supervision; consult a licensed healthcare professional before starting any therapy. Some products listed on this page are under development; launch dates and specifications are estimates.

Science and research

The science eMedica builds on.

Independent, peer-reviewed research on how the body uses electricity and how applied currents act on tissue. Every study below used other devices or laboratory methods; each entry names its model and its method so the reader can weigh it.

Cells run on electricity

The action potential, described quantitatively.
Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF. J Physiol. 1952;117:500–44. PMID 12991237 · doi
Squid giant axonElectrophysiology
Mutations in more than 60 ion-channel genes cause human disease.
Ashcroft FM. From molecule to malady. Nature. 2006;440:440–7. PMID 16554803 · doi
Human geneticsReview
Gap junctions join almost all cells in solid tissue, passing ions directly cell to cell.
Goodenough DA, Paul DL. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009;1:a002576. PMID 20066080 · doi
Multiple speciesReview
Pancreatic β-cells release insulin through electrical activity.
Rorsman P, Ashcroft FM. Physiol Rev. 2018;98:117–214. PMID 29212789 · doi
Mouse and humanReview
Potassium channels set the tone of arterial smooth muscle.
Nelson MT, Quayle JM. Am J Physiol. 1995;268:C799–822. PMID 7733230 · doi
Vascular physiologyReview
Piezo1 and Piezo2 are mechanically activated ion channels.
Coste B, et al. Science. 2010;330:55–60. PMID 20813920 · doi
Mouse cellsLaboratory
The body's master clock is an electrically rhythmic circuit.
Colwell CS. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011;12:553–69. PMID 21886186 · doi
NeuroscienceReview

Wounds generate electric fields

Glabrous skin holds 30–100 mV; wound currents create lateral fields of about 100–200 mV/mm.
Barker AT, Jaffe LF, Vanable JW. Am J Physiol. 1982;242:R358–66. PMID 7065232 · doi
Guinea pigMeasurement
Human skin carries "skin battery" voltages comparable to other mammals.
Foulds IS, Barker AT. Br J Dermatol. 1983;109:515–22. PMID 6639877 · doi
17 human volunteersMeasurement
Wound-edge field of 177 ± 14 mV/mm, imaged non-invasively.
Nuccitelli R, et al. Wound Repair Regen. 2008;16:432–41. PMID 18471262 · doi
MouseMeasurement
Electric fields of physiological strength direct cell migration in wound healing, through PI3Kγ and PTEN.
Zhao M, et al. Nature. 2006;442:457–60. PMID 16871217 · doi
Cells and mouseLaboratory

Applied current and tissue repair

Direct currents of 10–1000 µA increased tissue ATP and amino-acid incorporation into protein.
Cheng N, et al. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982;(171):264–72. PMID 7140077
Rat skinLaboratory
Electrical stimulation increased blood flow and VEGF-A expression and reduced wound volume in acute wounds.
Ud-Din S, et al. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0124502. PMID 25928356 · doi
40 human volunteersRandomised
Electrical stimulation probably increases the proportion of pressure ulcers healed (RR 1.99; 11 studies, 501 participants; moderate certainty); the authors call for further research before routine use.
Arora M, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;CD012196. PMID 31962369 · doi
20 RCTs · 913 patientsCochrane review

Pain and medicine delivery

Pain intensity was lower during or immediately after TENS than with placebo (moderate-certainty evidence), without serious adverse events.
Johnson MI, et al. BMJ Open. 2022;12:e051073. PMID 35144946 · doi
381 RCTs · 24,532 peopleMeta-analysis
TENS reduced post-operative analgesic consumption by 26.5% on average versus placebo.
Bjordal JM, et al. Eur J Pain. 2003;7:181–8. PMID 12600800 · doi
21 RCTs · 1,350 patientsMeta-analysis
Applied current can carry charged medicines across the skin (iontophoresis).
Kalia YN, et al. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004;56:619–58. PMID 15019750 · doi
Drug deliveryReview

Bioelectronic medicine is a regulated, established field

Selected devices from other manufacturers, shown for context. Their approvals belong to those devices; eMedica's own licence (Maharashtra FDA, India, Class A) is listed on the Regulatory page. eMedica has not applied for US FDA authorisation and does not claim any US FDA status.

Therapy	Device	US FDA status (other manufacturers)
Deep brain stimulation	Medtronic DBS	Approved 1997 (essential tremor)
Vagus nerve stimulation	LivaNova VNS	Approved 1997 (epilepsy)
Responsive neurostimulation	NeuroPace RNS	Approved 2013
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation	Inspire	Approved 2014 (obstructive sleep apnoea)
External trigeminal stimulation	Cefaly	De Novo 2014 (migraine)
Tumour-treating fields	Optune	Approved 2011; newly diagnosed glioblastoma 2015
High-frequency spinal cord stimulation	Nevro Senza HF10	Approved 2015
Baroreflex activation	CVRx Barostim	Approved 2019 (heart failure)
Transcutaneous spinal stimulation	ONWARD ARC-EX	De Novo 2024
Trigeminal neuromodulation	Neurovalens Modius Spero	De Novo May 2026 (PTSD), DEN250013

Clinical evidence and publications

The eMedica record.

What eMedica has documented about its own device: its licence, its safety testing, its supervised clinical programme and its publications. Independent science on bioelectricity is kept separately on the Science page.

Documented device record

Licence: Manufacturing licence Form MD-5, No. MFG/MD/2023/000926, issued 20 October 2023 by the Food and Drug Administration, Maharashtra State, under the Medical Devices Rules, 2017 · Class A
Electrical safety: IEC 60601-1 and IEC 60479-1 assessment · patient leakage current 1.3 µA against an allowable 10 µA
Test laboratory: Hi Physix Laboratories, NABL-accredited (TC-5100) · report HPL/Test/2104001401
Procurement review: Reviewed at the Maharashtra Health Services New Product Evaluation meeting, Arogya Bhavan, 25 July 2025, which recorded that the "documentation of clinical use is satisfactory as an adjuvant therapy" (minutes available on request).
Patents: US 12,226,183 B2 and corresponding grants in Japan, South Korea, Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the Philippines and Malaysia. Details

Supervised clinical programme

eMedica has been used as adjuvant therapy under medical supervision at 37 sites in India, comprising hospitals, clinics and medical camps. Programme records cover 4,651 patients, documenting usage and tolerability alongside standard care.

#	Institution	Patients

Three entries were medical camps; two of them have no recorded patient count. Condition-level programme data are provided to clinicians and regulators in The eMedica Record.

Publication record

A bibliography of eMedica-authored publications is compiled in Part VI of The eMedica Record and is available to clinicians, regulators and partners on request.

Request The eMedica Record Scientific Compendium

Research collaboration

New clinical studies are designed for ethics-committee approval and prospective trial registration. Hospitals and investigators interested in collaborating can read how we work with institutions.

Scientific compendium

Reference works.

Three volumes that set out the science of bioelectricity and the eMedica record in full.

2026 edition

The eMedica Bioelectric Compendium

150 pages and more than 250 citations on cellular bioelectricity, wound fields, frequency and the history of electrical medicine.

Request a copy

First edition, 2026

The Electrical Human Body

A 47-page reference book in five parts and 33 chapters on the electrical physiology of the body.

Request a copy

2026 edition

The eMedica Record

300 pages compiling clinical programme records, test reports, government evaluations, the publication record and patents. For clinicians, hospitals, regulators and licensees.

Request a copy

Safety and intended use

Designed to work alongside medical care.

eMedica is an adjuvant device. It is used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, together with the patient's prescribed treatment.

Daylight moving across a porcelain surface — Designed to work alongside medical care

Intended use

Non-invasive adjuvant therapy delivered through skin-contact electrodes.
Used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
Used alongside prescribed medicines and specialist care; it does not replace them.
Not intended to diagnose any condition.

Contraindications and precautions

Do not use with a pacemaker, implanted defibrillator or any other implanted electronic device.

The complete list of contraindications, warnings and precautions is in the Instructions for Use supplied with each device. Clinicians can request the current Instructions for Use from info@emedica.in.

Electrical safety

Tested to IEC 60601-1 at an NABL-accredited laboratory: patient leakage current 1.3 µA against an allowable 10 µA. Regulatory record.

Reporting a concern

Report any unexpected effect to the supervising clinician and to eMedica at info@emedica.in or +91 86691 14143. In India, adverse events with medical devices can also be reported to the Materiovigilance Programme of India.

Regulatory and quality information

Licensed, tested and documented.

Each item below can be supported by the original document on request.

An electrical-safety test bench with an oscilloscope — Electrical-safety testing · illustrative

Item	Record
Regulatory framework	Medical Devices Rules, 2017 (India), administered under the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO)
Licensing authority	Food and Drug Administration, Maharashtra State (State Licensing Authority under the Medical Devices Rules, 2017)
Manufacturing licence	Form MD-5 · MFG/MD/2023/000926 · issued 20 October 2023
Device class	Class A
Electrical safety standards	IEC 60601-1 (general safety); IEC 60479-1 (effects of current on the body)
Test laboratory	Hi Physix Laboratories · NABL accreditation TC-5100
Test report	HPL/Test/2104001401
Patient leakage current	1.3 µA measured · 10 µA allowable
Procurement review	Presented at the Maharashtra Health Services New Product Evaluation meeting, 25 July 2025 (minutes available on request)

International registrations are pursued through local authorised representatives in each market. Partners can ask for the current status of any market.

Patents and intellectual property

A granted, international patent family in nine countries.

The eMedica platform, covering VCF therapy with integrated monitoring, is protected by a patent family invented by Hemant Karamchand Rohera.

Jurisdiction	Number	Status
United States	US 12,226,183 B2	Granted · 18 Feb 2025
Japan	JP 7611901	Granted · 26 Dec 2024
South Korea	KR 10-2954775	Granted · 15 Apr 2026
Australia	AU 2020346420	Granted · 2 Apr 2026
Canada	CA 3150348	Granted · 7 Oct 2025
Saudi Arabia	SA 18122	Granted · 23 Oct 2024
South Africa	ZA 2022/04073	Granted · 25 Jan 2023
Philippines	PH 1/2022/550591	Granted · 14 Aug 2026
Malaysia	MY-215890-A	Granted · 2026
New Zealand	787102	Accepted · 25 Sep 2026 · awaiting grant
Europe	EP 4041064	Pending · under examination
India, Singapore, UAE	—	Applications pending

A patent protects an invention; clinical performance is established through the evidence described on the Evidence page. Licensing enquiries are welcome through Partnerships. The family descends from international application PCT/IB2020/055292 (WO 2021/048642), filed 5 June 2020. Each entry can be checked at the issuing patent office or on Google Patents; the full register is at hemantrohera.com/patent-register.

Healthcare professionals

The physician five-step protocol.

A structured pathway for using eMedica as adjuvant therapy alongside standard care.

ScreenConfirm suitability against the intended use and contraindications.
BaselineRecord baseline clinical findings and relevant laboratory values.
PrescribeSelect the VCF protocol alongside the patient's medication and diet plan.
MonitorReview the patient at four weeks.
Titrate and documentAdjust and record. Where no benefit is seen by 12 weeks, continue with standard care alone.

Resources for clinicians

Instructions for Use and protocol output specifications
The eMedica Record and the Bioelectric Compendium
Training for clinical teams

Request clinician resources

Hospitals and clinical collaboration

Working with institutions.

eMedica has been used at 37 sites in India, from municipal and district hospitals to private clinics and medical camps.

Supervised programmes

Device supply, clinical-team training and documentation for adjuvant use within existing departments.

Procurement

Licence, test reports and government evaluation records for procurement committees, compiled in The eMedica Record.

Research

Investigator-led studies designed for ethics approval and prospective registration, with protocol support from eMedica.

Global partnerships and licensing

Bring eMedica to new markets.

We work with distributors, licensees and manufacturing partners who share our standard of evidence and care.

Distribution

Regional partners who hold local registration as authorised representative and serve hospitals and clinics.

Patent licensing

Licences under US 12,226,183 B2 and its family for defined fields and territories.

OEM and co-development

Engineering partnerships for new form factors on the VCF platform.

Start a partnership enquiry

Patient resources and supportive care

For patients and families.

eMedica is used by your doctor or care team as part of your treatment plan. Keep taking your prescribed medicines.

Before a session

Tell your doctor about any implanted device, such as a pacemaker.
Bring a list of your current medicines.
Ask your doctor how eMedica fits your care plan.

Nutrition and lifestyle

Food, sleep and activity matter for every long-term condition. Condition-specific nutrition guides are being re-issued after review by clinical nutritionists. Until then, follow the diet advice of your own doctor or dietitian.

News, insights and research updates

Latest from eMedica.

Film: The Electrical Body — from Galvani to bioelectronic medicine
October 2026 · Watch on YouTube
Film
The eMedica Record, 2026 edition, compiled
October 2026 · 300 pages · About the Record
Publication
Film: the eMedica wearable platform (development concept)
October 2026 · Watch on YouTube
Film
Insights articles are being re-edited to the new evidence standard
Six earlier articles on bioelectricity and adjuvant care will return here after review.
Editorial

Contact and international enquiries

Get in touch.

Email: info@emedica.in
Phone and WhatsApp: +91 86691 14143 · WhatsApp
Pune: Sacred World 604, 6th Floor, South Block, Parmar Nagar, Wanwadi, Pune 411040, Maharashtra, India

Legal

Policies and disclaimer.

Medical disclaimer

eMedica is an adjuvant medical device intended for use under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, alongside prescribed treatment. It is not intended to diagnose any condition and does not replace medicines, surgery, emergency care or specialist advice. Information on this website is for general education and does not constitute medical advice. Results vary between individuals. Consult a licensed healthcare professional before starting any therapy.

Research summarised on the Science page was carried out by independent investigators using other devices and methods; it describes the scientific background of bioelectronic medicine.

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